Metallic alloy and process of manufacture thereof.



onirrnn STATES PATENT orrron.

HARRY OBMISTON ORMISTON, OF ROCKDALE, NEAR SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES;

AUSTRALIA.

METALLIC ALLOY AND PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HARRY ORMISTON ORMISTON, subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Chapel street, Rockdale, near Sydney, in the State of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Metallic Alloy and Process of Manufacture Thereof, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to production of metallic alloys of the class in which the chief constituent is aluminium, and it comprises an alloy metal or stock metal containing aluminium, nickel, copper, cadmium, tin, and lead, which metals are intermixed and associated by a particular process. Said metallic alloy is bright and white in color.

and exhibits valuable properties some of which distinguish it ilrom: its chief constituent, aluminium viz. it may be brazed, soldered, turned, rolled, drawn, or. forged, or welded by means of the oxyacetylene jet; it may be varied in hardness and tensile strength; it takes a high polish; and it is highly resistant to oxidation by atmospheric and Weather influences. In manufacturing said alloy it is necessary to proceed in stages. In the first stage I fusejn a crucible, certain salts of sodium, magnesium, copper, mercury, cadmium and nickel; in the second stage I add metallic nickel and copper to the fused salts, which latter act as a flux as well as having the funttions of adding me.- tallic elements to the final product, and maintain the temperature till the body of the mass is in quiet fluid condition and intermixed; and then I introduce gradually metallic tin, lead, and aluminium into the crucible containing the before mentioned substances, and maintain the temperature until complete fusion and thorough incorporation of metals is effected, stirring the fused mass to facilitate separation of metal from dross. The fused product thus ,obtained is a stockalloy with which further aluminium, tin, lead, copper and nickel may be subsequently alloyed to produce commercial alloys of different kinds.

The approximate proportions of the components hereinafter set forth should be used to obtain the most beneficial results. -No substantial variation is permissible without more or less modifying the desired characteristics of the final alloy, except in the case Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February ll, 1913.

Patented June 23', 1914.

Serial No. 747.726.

of the magnesium sulfate. Th e chief effect of magnesium sulfate is to brighten the color of the metalyand it may be entirely omitted Without material prejudice to the qualities (other than color) of the metal.

' In the first stage 'of the manufacture, I advantageously take my materials in the following. proportions by weight: borax parts, magnesium sulfate 5 parts, copper sulfate 10 parts, copper nitrate 7 parts, mercuric sulfate 1 part, cadmium sulfate 2 parts,

and nickel sulfate 15 parts, or a total of 100 parts by Weight. Sodium bicarbonate may be substituted for borax, though borax is preferred as it makes a better flux and slag. Copper sulfate or copper nitrate may be used, or copper sulfate and copper nitrate. The proportions of sodium and copper in the abovementioned. relative quantities of the salts thereof should be maintained approximately. This mixture which I term the flux is placed in a crucible and the temperature raised. While the ebullition is active I add to the stated amount of material approximately 3 parts of metallic nickel and 3 parts of metallic copper, and maintain the temperature until ebullition has ceased or almost ceased. .I then add 3 parts of metallic tin, one part of metallic lead, and 90 parts of metallic aluminium.- It is=desirable to add the aluminium gradually rather than to introduce it into the crucible in mass as its reductive action is apt to be too ent r-i I The contents of the crucible are finally stirred Withan iron rod to facilitate getic.

separation of metal from dress or slagbe I fore the metil is poured. There will collect around the top of the crucible a ring of borax and products of the other materials which served as flux; this slag or dross is .e-

readily removed, and the alloy is left in a very fluid condition which it maintains as long as the temperature is maintained. It may becast at once and remelted as'often as required without affecting its characteristic qualities. The alloy so produced forms a stock metal 'which may be remelted and used to form commercial alloys having difierent characteristics. To obtain soft and ductile alloys it is remelted with aluminium in a wide range of proportions, varying up to of aluminium. in the total weight; in this case one part of metallic tin and one fourth part of metallic lead are preferably ing metal comprisintg tional aluminium which is to be alloyed with the stock metal, the additions being made gradually. I have used mixtures containing 20 parts stock metal, 9 parts tin, 2 parts lead, and 169 parts aluminium, and have found this product preferable to a product containing additional aluminium only. To obtain hard metal, the stock metal is remelted with aluminium and copper, a very hard product being obtained by alloying 20 partscopper and parts aluminium with 30 parts of the stock, and products of lesser hardness with alloys containing a smallerproportion of copper. Another hard metal may be made by introducing into the 100 parts of flux beforen'ientioned during ebullition (instead of the quantities previously stated) 30 parts metallic nickel, and 5 parts of metallic copper which metals are added gradually and whenjthe ebullition has subsided adding 57 parts metallic aluminium, (Lparts metallic tin, and 2 parts metallic lead. A solder usable for uniting any of these metals together or to other metals is made byfiilloying one of the final alloys above described with tinman's solder (lead (36 per cent. and tin 34 per cent. approximately) in the proportion of two to one,

which proportion admits of considerable variation. In making a solder joint no flux need bensed with my metal in joining it together or in joining it to aluminium but the usual fluxes may be used with copper, iron and other metals.

The special solder above described used to 5 tin the surfaces to be united, and then ordinary gttinmans solder may be used to make thei joint.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A stock alloy comprising aluminum, nickel, copper, tin, cadmium and lead.

2. The processof making useful alloys which comprises melting a copper salt, a cadmium salt, a nickel salt, a mercury salt and a fluxing sodium salt together and addaluminum.

3. The process 0 making useful alloys which comprises melting a copper salt,'a

which comprises mercury sulfate, cadmlum 75 ebullition practically ceases, and

cadmium salt, a nickel salt, a mercury salt-, .50 a magnesium salt and a fluxing sodium salt together and adding metal comprising alummum.

4. The process of making useful. alloys which comprises melting copper sulfate and nitrate, cadmium sulfate, mercuric sulfate, nickel sulfateand a tluxing sodium salt together and adding meta'l comprising alummum.

5. The proccss of making useful alloys 60 which comprises melting copper sulfate and nitrate, cadmilun sulfate, mercuric sulfate, nickel sulfate, magnesium sulfate and a fluxing sodium salt together and adding metal comprising aluminum.

(3. The process of making useful alloys which comprises melting a copper salt, a cadmium salt, a nickel salt, a mercury salt and a tluxing sodium salt together, while cbullition is active adding nickel and copper, maintaining hot until ebullition practically ceases, and adding tin, lead and aluminum.

7. The process of making useful alloys melting copper sulfate,

copper nitrate, sulfate, nickel sulfate and a flt xing sodium salt together, while ebullition is\ active addingnickel and copper, maintaining hot until adding tin, lead and aluminum.

8. The process of making useful which comprises melting 5 parts magnesium sulfate, 10 parts copper sulfate, 7 parts copper nitrate, .1 part mercury sulfate, 2 parts alloys cadmium sulfate, 15 parts nickel sulfate and -60 parts borax together, while the mixture is still in active ebullition adding 3, parts thetallic nickel and 3 parts metallic copper, and after cbullition practically ceases adding 3 parts tin, 1 part lead and parts metallic 90 aluminum. V

In testimony whereof I have' affixed my signature .in presence of two witnesses.

' HARRY ORMISTON ORM'ISTON. Witnesses W. J. DAVIS,

H. H. RITGl-IING. 

